Fremantle is a treasure trove of experiences, especially festivals and markets throughout the year. It is also home to Fremantle Prison, a World Heritage Site and former prison. In the 1850s, it was the first-ever convict-built prison in the area. Prisoners brought in from Britain helped build the Gaol and a series of tunnels that supplied groundwater to the town. Now defunct, you can explore this labyrinth 20 metres in the underbelly of Fremantle Prison.
The history of the Fremantle Prison tunnels
Construction on the prison began in 1851, soon after the unexpected arrival of British convict ships at the Swan River Valley (present-day Perth). Other prisons in the area were full, so they identified a new site at Fremantle. Modelled on Britain’s Pentonville Prison, the Royal Engineers sought and trained convicts to work at the limestone quarry on site.
Long before the Fremantle Prison tunnels opened to the public in 2005, this subterranean limestone labyrinth was a crucial water source for the inmates and surrounding town. Carved during the prison’s construction, the system initially relied on the gruelling labour of prisoners who hand-pumped water to the surface. Later in 1896, a massive steam-driven pump took over.
The underground network was sealed in 1910 and later survived a severe diesel spill (circa 1989). However, meticulous environmental cleanup preserved these historic waterways, offering visitors a fascinating glimpse into WA’s past.
Exploring the tunnels today
More than 250 years after the tunnels were built, you can tour through the limestone shafts. Start by climbing down 20 metres, wearing a hard hat, overalls, and gumboots. Explore the cavernous tunnels carved by convict hands.
Guides lead adventurous travellers on foot through dry subterranean passages. You will see original blast holes and historical artefacts left behind by prisoners sentenced to hard labour. The trek culminates in a surreal boat ride in replica convict punts, navigating the deeply submerged tunnels hidden below the surface.
Due to the nature of the tour, it is unfortunately not wheelchair accessible. Organisers recommend it for those who can navigate a ladder and crouch comfortably, and weigh between 40 kg (88.5 lbs) and 140 kg (308 lbs).
More details
Venue: Fremantle Prison, 1 The Terrace, Fremantle WA 6160
Duration: 2 hours 30 minutes
Cost: $70/ adult, $60/ concession, $50/ child, and $215/ family pass
You can book tours every day. However, it is better to check the website for slots and further details or contact the Ticket Office at (08) 9336 9200.
The Prison is a 6-minute walk from Fremantle Station bus stop, and most buses from Perth Busport (910, 915, 998) halt here. Alternatively, drive down via State Route 2 and State Route 7.
